R32 vs R290 which Best Heat Pump Refrigerant for Your Home?
Air source heat pumps are important for both homes and businesses. They provide heating in winter and cooling in summer.
These systems save energy and reduce utility bills. They are also good for the environment. Many families and companies now choose heat pumps instead of traditional systems.
R290 and R32 are now the most common eco-friendly refrigerants. Both serve in air source heat pumps. R290 has a very low GWP, while R32 has a moderate GWP.
Choosing the right refrigerant affects the system’s efficiency and safety. It also affects how easy it is to install and maintain the system.
This article will compare R290 heat pumps and R32 heat pumps. We will look at their performance, safety, environmental effects, and legal rules. We will help you decide which is better for your home or business.
R290 is propane. It is a natural gas. R290 refrigerant has a very low GWP of only 3. It does not harm the ozone layer. It works well in R290 air source heat pump and R290 air to water heat pump systems.
Advantages of R290:
High energy efficiency
Very low environmental impact
Low pressure reduces stress on the system
Disadvantages of R290:
Highly flammable (A3 category)
Needs special installation and safety equipment
Technicians must be trained and certified
R32 is a man-made refrigerant. It has a GWP of 675. It is safer than older refrigerants like R410A. R32 refrigerant is commonly used in R32 air source heat pump and R32 air to water heat pump systems.
Advantages of R32:
Moderate GWP and high energy performance
Easy to install and maintain
Less flammable than R290 (A2L classification)
Disadvantages of R32:
Still has some environmental impact
Might be limited under future regulations
solareast R32 swimming pool heat pump
R290 heat pumps are usually more efficient. They perform better in cold climates. The Coefficient of Performance (COP) of R290 systems is higher. R32 heat pumps also work well but may lose efficiency in freezing weather.
R290 refrigerant allows the system to use less energy. This helps reduce power bills. In the long run, it saves money.
R290 has a GWP of only 3. It is one of the cleanest refrigerants. R32 has a GWP of 675. It is better than R410A but not as good as R290.
The European Union’s F-Gas Regulation supports low-GWP refrigerants.
The U.S. EPA also promotes climate-friendly gases.
R290 is a future-proof choice. It meets most new laws. Today, R32 offers a safer bet, but restrictions may arise in the future.
R290 refrigerant is flammable. Systems that use it need leak detection and proper ventilation. You must follow the refrigerant charge within the recommended safety limits.
R32 is less flammable. It is easier and safer to install. Most technicians already receive training to handle it.
R290 heat pumps may need special parts. Not all systems can use R290. Technicians must have special tools and safety gear.
R32 is more flexible. It fits older systems more easily. Maintenance is easier and cheaper.
| Feature | R290 Heat Pump | R32 Heat Pump |
|---|---|---|
| GWP | 3 | 675 |
| Energy Efficiency | Very high | Moderate |
| Flammability | High (A3) | Low (A2L) |
| Installation | Needs training | Easier |
| Maintenance | Moderate | Simple |
| Cost | Higher upfront | Lower upfront |
| Legal risk | Low | Medium |
R290 vs R32 Heat Pumps table
If you live in a cold area, R290 is a better choice.
If safety and cost are priorities, R32 is easier.
R290 is good for new projects focused on green energy.
R32 is better for quick installations or system upgrades.
If local laws allow, R290 is better for long-term savings.
In Europe, the F-Gas Regulation supports low-GWP gases. R290 refrigerant fits these rules well. Some EU countries give subsidies for R290 systems.
In the U.S., the EPA encourages eco-friendly refrigerants. More American installers now offer R290 heat pump options.
Solareast offers both R290 and R32 models. We support OEM and ODM partners with training, parts, and documentation.
Is R290 safe for home use?
Yes, if installed by trained professionals.
Can I use R290 to replace R32 in my old system?
No. The system design must match the refrigerant type.
Which is more cost-effective?
R290 costs more to install but uses less electricity. It saves more over time.
Does refrigerant affect system life?
Yes. R290 often helps systems run smoother and last longer.
How do I know how much refrigerant is safe?
Always follow the manufacturer’s guidelines. Make sure the refrigerant charge is within the recommended safety limits.
Both R290 and R32 heat pumps offer benefits. R290 is better for the environment and long-term savings. R32 is easier to install and works well today.
Choose R290 if you want to reduce your carbon footprint. Choose R32 if you need quick and affordable installation.
Contact Solareast to explore R290 or R32 solutions for your home or business.