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They work with the ability of shifting heat from one place to another than by actually producing heat from the fuel. This lets them work with an efficacy of up to 300-400 percent that is they generate energy 3 or 4 times more than what they use. Radiant types of heaters such as furnaces or electric heaters produce maximum efficiency of 80 to 90 percent.
Included in this section is a discussion of the major elements attributed to efficiency.
Evaporator: Stands for the air, ground or water heating. Daikin and Mitsubishi Electric are well recognized for high efficiency evaporators to effect heat removal at lower temperature.
Compressor: It’s the process by which the refrigerant is compressed to make its temperature rise. Huge amounts of money have been saved due to Copeland (Emerson) compressors being market leading in terms of energy efficient designs.
Heat Exchanger (Condenser): Carries the taken up heat to your living space heating system. Heat exchangers by Bosch and Viessmann have a high efficiency and feature low heat loss.
Expansion Valve: This allows the cooling internal system pressure to be reduced for the next cycle by measuring refrigerant pressure. There are a lot of manufacturers such as Sporlan and Danfoss that provide high quality valves which play a crucial role in providing stable function of the heat pump.
Ultimately, the extent of the saving that you can achieve with a heat pump will depend on the type of heating system that you have currently installed in your space. However, if a homeowner is replacing an old system, such as electric resistance heaters, oil, or a gas furnace with this heat pump, the energy usage will be considerably lower.
Typical Savings Estimates
Electric Resistance Heaters: Electric heaters are very inefficient compared to a heat pump and this means that homeowners can reap big and cut their energy bills by up to a half.
Oil or Gas Furnaces: Due to their higher efficiency, homeowners can save between $3000 and $4000 per year, or an average of 30-40% compared to other heating equipment such as oil and gas heating systems.
Climate Considerations:
Air source heat pumps are exceptionally cost-effective in moderate climate zones where heating and cooling are typically required.
In colder climates, Ground Source Heat Pumps (GSHP) might be a preferred option since the heat pump operates at a constant temperature of the ground.
A homeowner in a moderate climate who switches from an electric resistance heater to an air source heat pump can save as much as 40-50% on their energy bills annually. If their annual heating cost was previously $2,000, switching to a heat pump could save them $800 to $1,000 per year.
For those in colder climates, investing in a ground source heat pump could lead to similar or even higher savings due to the system's ability to maintain efficiency regardless of the outdoor temperature. Over a 15-year period, these savings can easily amount to thousands of dollars.